Treatment of yarns, fabrics, films, and the like



Patented July 19, 1932 PATENT OFFICE HENRY nnnYrUs, or nonnon, EnemnTREATMENT OF YARNS, FABRICS, FILMS, AND THE LIKE No Drawing. Applicationfiled October 24, 1927, Serial No. 228,505, and in Great Britain-N'ovember 12, 1926.

This invention relates to the loading of yarns or threads or woven,knitted or other textile fabrics or other materials made of orcontaining artificial filaments or fibres of cellulose acetate or othercarboxylic acid esters of cellulose, for example cellulose formate,propionate or butyrate, or cellulose ethers,

for example methyl, ethyl or benzyl cellulose, or the correspondingcondensation products of cellulose and glycols or other polyhydricalcohols. The invention also relates to the loading of ribbons, filmsor'similar products made of the aforesaid cellulose derivatives. Allsuch yarns, threads, fabrics or other mali terials or ribbons, films orsimilar products are hereinafter included in the term materialscomprising organic substitution derivatives of cellulose.

I\have found that the said'materials may i0 be very easily loaded withloading agents of the kind employed for loading natural silk providedthat the materials are treated either initially or before or during orboth before and during any stage of the loading operation with urea,urethanes', thiourea, thiourethanes, guanidine or their alkyl'or ar-ylsubstitution products, including mixed derivatives such asdiethyldiph'enylurea. The said bodies are hereinafter referred to asureoid terials is likewise reduced. Further the fulla bases.

The said ureoid bases may best be applied to the materials in aqueoussolution.

Care should be taken to avoid using such concentrations, temperatures orother conditions as to produce tendering or loss of lustre or otherundesirable effects on the quality or character of the materials.

The treatment with the ureoid base or aqueous solution thereof isusually applied before the loading operation proper, and may also withadvantage be applied before each stage of the loading operation, or,when the cycle of loading operations is repeated, before each cycle oreach stage of each cycle.

Alternatively the ureoid base may be incorporated with each or any ofthe aqueous solutions used for loading.

The loading may be effected by treatment with any suitable loadingagents. Thus, for

- example, the materials may be loaded with the tendency of wovenfabrics made of yarns of cellulose acetate or other organic substitutionderivatives of cellulose to slip, that is to say for the yarns to becomedisplaced in the fabric, the tendency of circular knitted fabrics toladder, and the tendency of warp knitted fabrics to split are allconsiderably reduced and may even be practically eliminated.

The loaded materials can also be subjected to higher temperatures thanthe unloaded ma-' terials without melting or becoming suflicientlyplastic to endanger their characteris-- tic form or structure, so thatfor example the possibility of damaging cellulose acetate and likefabric by using too hot an iron in ironing is lessened. The flammabilityof the maness or volume of the yarns, threads or fabrlcs is lmproved.

' The manner in which the invention may be carried into effect isdescribed in the following example which is purely illustrative but notlimitative in character.

EwampZe.-Gellulose acetate woven or knitted fabric is soaked for hour ina cold 2% solution of monomethyl urea. The fabric is removed, drainedand steeped in a stannic chloride solution of 40 Tw. for half an hour,

after which it may be rinsed and -either washed thoroughly with watercontaining lime in solution or-given a phosphate treatment by firstthoroughly washing in warm waterand'then steeping in a bath of 12%sodium dihydrogen phosphate at 40 C. for half an hour, from which bathit is removed, rinsed and soaped and finally rinsed again.

i What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. Process forloading materials comprising organic substitution derivatives ofcellulose, comprising treating the materials at any stage of the loadingoperation with a ureoid loading by ing cellulose acetate, comprisingtreating thev materials at any stage of the loading operabase.

2. Process for loading materials comprising organic substitutionderivatives of cellulose, comprising treating the materials at any stageof the loading operation with an aqueous solution of a ureoid base.

3. Process for loading materials comprising organic substitutionderivatives of cellulose, comprising treating the goods with an aqueoussolution of a ureoid base and then with the loading agents.

4. Process for loading materials comprising organic substitutionderivatives of cellulose, comprising treating the goods with an aqueoussolution of a ureoid base and then loading with a tin compound.

5. Process for loading materials comprising organic substitutionderivatives of cellu lose, comprising treating the goods with an aqueoussolution of a ureoid base and then means of stannic chloride and aphosphate.

6. Process for loading materials comprising cellulose acetate,comprising treating the materials at any stage of the loading operationWith a ureoid base.

7. Process for loading materials compristion with an aqueous solutionofa ureoid base.

8. Process for loading materials comprising cellulose acetate,comprising treating the goods with an aqueous solution of 'a ureoid baseand then with the loading agents.

9. Process for loading materials compris ing vcellulose acetate,comprising treating the goods with an aqueous solution of a ureoid baseand then loading with a tin compound.

10. Process for loadmg materials'comprising cellulose acetate,comprising treating the goods with an aqueous solution of a ureoid baseand then loading by-means of stannic chloride and a phosphate.

11. Process for loading materials comprising cellulose acetate,comprising treating'the the loading operamaterials at any stage of tionwith. monomethyl urea.

12. P ing cellulose acetate, comprising treating the materials atanystage of the loading operation with an aqueous solution of monomethylurea. 4

13. Process 'for loading materials comprising cellulose acetate,comprising treating the goods with an aqueous solution of monomethylurea and then with the loading agents.

14. Process for loading materials comprising cellulose acetate,comprising treating the rocess for loading materials comprisgoods "withan aqueous solution of monolol

